| People |
Seven years ago today,
commercial flights of the world's only supersonic airliner resumed after a
break of 18 months following a crash in 2000. Less than two years later,
operations ended permanently and the fleet of Concorde aeroplanes was
retired. Here are ten facts about Concorde.

FACT ONE
Concorde was one of only two
commercial supersonic aircrafts to have operated. The other one was the
Soviet Union's Tupolev Tu-144 which was much less successful, beginning
passenger flights in November 1977, ending them in June 1978.
FACT TWO
Concorde was developed and built by British and French engineers. The
arrangement was part of an international treaty between the two countries
rather than a commercial agreement. This meant that if either country backed
out and broke the treaty, it would face heavy penalties. The two companies
involved in the development (British Aircraft Corp and France's Aerospatiale)
merged into one and worked together to build the planes.
FACT THREE
Several of the world's major airline companies placed non-binding orders for
Concorde aircraft but most of these backed out of any agreements to go ahead
with any of the orders due to several factors (the crash of one of the
Soviet Union's supersonic aircraft, worries about environmental and noise
pollution and cost of purchasing and operating to craft). The only two
airlines that were left were Air France and British Airways, and that was
probably largely due to the fact that the two countries built that aircraft.
In total, 20 Concordes were built and 14 flew commercially, 7 for France and
7 for Britain.
FACT FOUR
As Concorde travelled at more than twice the speed of sound (mach 2.0 or
about 1520 mph), it created a sonic boom, which could sound like a loud
bang, crack or deep rumble. This loud noise and the complaints that
inevitably came with it resulted in Concorde being unable to fly certain
routes, or having to fly sub-sonically (at the speed of normal airliners) to
complete certain journeys. It is one of the main reasons why airlines backed
out of purchasing Concordes or developing their own supersonic aircrafts.
FACT FIVE
British Prime Minister Harold changed the name of Concorde to the less
French-looking Concord as a way to spite his French counterpart. However,
the British government's Minister for Technology, Tony Benn, changed it back
to Concorde with an "e". To appease British moaners, he stated
that the "e" at the end stood for Excellence, England, Europe and
Entente (as in Entente Cordial). In response to complaints from the
Scots who pointed out that Concorde was actually British and not just
English, Benn claimed that the "e" also stood for ecosse, the
French word for Scotland. It's a good job the Welsh and Irish didn't start
whinging.
FACT SIX
Concorde 001 (built in France) made its first test flight on March 2nd 1969.
Concorde 002 (built in the UK) first flew on April 9th 1969. The first
commercial flights of Concorde took place on January 21st 1976. British
Airways flew their Concorde from Heathrow Airport to Bahrain, and Air France
flew from Paris to Rio. British Airways Concorde flights from London to New
York and back used the flight numbers BA001 to BA004. Since the retirement
of Concorde, these flight numbers are no longer used.
FACT SEVEN
For its first few years, Concorde operated at a loss. The British
Government, which financed the British side of the Concorde project, took
80% of Concorde's revenue. It was discovered in the early eighties that
public perception of Concorde was that it cost more to fly on it than it
actually did. So the prices were put up to what people thought they were,
and with oil prices reducing, Concorde began making money. In 1984,
financial ownership of the crafts were passed over for the government to
British Airways who operated the crafts at a profit. It is believed that
part of the reason for the crafts being retired in 2003 was that, while they
were grounded, British Airways and Air France realised that they made more
profit out of the passengers who would have flown on Concorde by them flying
First Class on their standard aircrafts.
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FACT EIGHT
As well as flying faster than other aeroplanes, Concorde also flew
higher, flying at an altitude of about 50,000 to 55,500 feet
(although it could fly up to 60,000 feet). At this height, it was
possible to see the curvature of the Earth as if you were on the
edge of space. Air turbulance is also less of a problem at that
height, meaning a less bumpy flight.
FACT NINE
Concorde recorded its fastest journey from New York to London on
January 1st 1983, taking 2 hours 56 minutes. The was no in flight
entertainment on Concorde flights, but you got free champagne and
posh food on Wedgwood crockery. |
FACT TEN
Up to 2000, Concorde was the world's safest aircraft with no crashes and no
fatalities. One of the Concordes belonging to Air France crashed on July
25th 2000 after debris from a punctured tyre ruptured the fuel tank. It is
believed that the debris had fallen off another aircraft operated by
Continental. Concorde lost its Certificate of Airworthiness on July 26th
2000, not regaining it until September 5th 2001 and made its first
operational flight with passengers (non-paying airline staff) on September
11th 2001. It returned to commercial operations on November 7th 2001 but
ended these in 2003 with Air France flying its final Concorde flight on May
31st 2003 and British Airways on October 24th 2003. An offer by Richard
Branson to purchase the remaining Concorde fleet and fly them for Virgin
Atlantic was rejected. Concorde will never fly again.
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